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Investigation on the integral output power model of a large-scale wind farm

BAO Nengsheng, MA Xiuqian, NI Weidou

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 67-78 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0006-x

摘要： The integral output power model of a large-scale wind farm is needed when estimating the wind farm s output over a period of time in the future. The actual wind speed power model and calculation method of a wind farm made up of many wind turbine units are discussed. After analyzing the incoming wind flow characteristics and their energy distributions, and after considering the multi-effects among the wind turbine units and certain assumptions, the incoming wind flow model of multi-units is built. The calculation algorithms and steps of the integral output power model of a large-scale wind farm are provided. Finally, an actual power output of the wind farm is calculated and analyzed by using the practical measurement wind speed data. The characteristics of a large-scale wind farm are also discussed.

关键词： power model actual energy large-scale practical measurement

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Optimization of power and efficiency for an irreversible Diesel heat engine

Shiyan ZHENG, Guoxing LIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 560-565 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0018-9

摘要： A cyclic model of an irreversible Diesel heat engine is presented, in which the heat loss between the working fluid and the ambient during combustion, the irreversibility inside the cyclic working fluid resulting from friction, eddies flow, and other irreversible effects are taken into account. By using the thermodynamic analysis and optimal control theory methods, the analytical expressions of power output and efficiency of the Diesel heat engine are derived. Variations of the main performance parameters with the pressure ratio of the cycle are analyzed and calculated. The optimum operating region of the heat engine is determined. Moreover, the optimum criterion of some important parameters, such as the power output, efficiency, pressure ratio, and temperatures of the working fluid at the related state points are illustrated and discussed. The conclusions obtained in the present paper may provide some theoretical guidance for the optimal parameter design of a class of internal-combustion engines.

关键词： Diesel heat engine irreversibility power output efficiency parameter optimization

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一种扩展非对称Doherty功率放大器输出功率回退范围的新方法 Research Article

李明玉1,程小兵1,代志江1,钟康1,蔡天赋1,黄超意2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第3期页码 470-479 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200250

摘要：提出一种扩展Doherty功率放大器（DPA）输出功率回退（OPBO）范围的新方法。研究表明，可以通过峰值路功放的输出阻抗来调整和改变载波功率放大器输出匹配网络的相位，来扩大DPA的输出功率回退量。基于此理论，设计了一个工作频带为1.55—2.2 GHz（35%相对带宽）、具有大输出功率回退范围的高效率非对称DPA，通过这一例子来验证所提方法的有效性。实验结果表明，DPA工作频率为1.6—2.1 GHz。OPBO状态下测量效率范围为42.2%—52.1%，饱和状态下为47%—62.7%。OPBO范围为11.1—13.2 dB。

关键词： Doherty功率放大器；输出功率回退；输出阻抗；网络相位

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Unified cycle model of a class of internal combustion engines and their optimum performance characteristics

Shiyan ZHENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 367-375 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0170-x

摘要： The unified cycle model of a class of internal combustion engines is presented, in which the influence of the multi-irreversibilities mainly resulting from the adiabatic processes, finite-time processes and heat leak loss through the cylinder wall on the performance of the cycle are taken into account. Based on the thermodynamic analysis method, the mathematical expressions of the power output and efficiency of the cycle are calculated and some important characteristic curves are given. The influence of the various design parameters such as the high-low pressure ratio, the high-low temperature ratio, the compression and expansion isentropic efficiencies etc. on the performance of the cycle is analyzed. The optimum criteria of some important parameters such as the power output, efficiency and pressure ratio are derived. The results obtained from this unified cycle model are very general and useful, from which the optimal performance of the Atkinson, Otto, Diesel, Dual and Miller heat engines and some new heat engines can be directly derived.

关键词： internal combustion engine irreversibility power output efficiency optimization

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Optimization of the power, efficiency and ecological function for an air-standard irreversible Dual-Miller

Zhixiang WU, Lingen CHEN, Yanlin GE, Fengrui SUN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 579-589 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0557-z

摘要： This paper establishes an irreversible Dual-Miller cycle (DMC) model with the heat transfer (HT) loss, friction loss (FL) and other internal irreversible losses. To analyze the effects of the cut-off ratio ( ) and Miller cycle ratio ( ) on the power output ( ), thermal efficiency ( ) and ecological function ( ), obtain the optimal and optimal , and compare the performance characteristics of DMC with its simplified cycles and with different optimization objective functions, the , and of irreversible DMC are analyzed and optimized by applying the finite time thermodynamic (FTT) theory. Expressions of , and are derived. The relationships among , , and compression ratio ( ) are obtained by numerical examples. The effects of and on , , , maximum power output ( ), maximum efficiency ( ) and maximum ecological function ( ) are analyzed. Performance differences among the DMC, the Otto cycle (OC), the Dual cycle (DDC), and the Otto-Miller cycle (OMC) are compared for fixed design parameters. Performance characteristics of irreversible DMC with the choice of , and as optimization objective functions are analyzed and compared. The results show that the irreversible DMC engine can reach a twice-maximum power, a twice-maximum efficiency, and a twice-maximum ecological function, respectively. Moreover, when choosing as the optimization objective, there is a 5.2% of improvement in while there is a drop of only 2.7% in compared to choosing as the optimization objective. However, there is a 5.6% of improvement in while there is a drop of only 1.3% in compared to choosing as the optimization objective.

关键词： finite-time thermodynamics Dual-Miller cycle power output thermal efficiency ecological function

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Optimal Su-Do-Ku based interconnection scheme for increased power output from PV array under partial

P. SRINIVASA RAO,P. DINESH,G. SARAVANA ILANGO,C. NAGAMANI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 199-210 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0350-1

摘要： Partial shading is a common phenomenon in PV arrays. They drastically reduce the power output because of mismatch losses, which are reliant on the shape of the shade as well as the locations of shaded panels in the array. The power output can be improved by distributing the shade over various rows to maximize the current entering the node. A Su-Do-Ku configuration can be used to rearrange the physical locations of the PV modules in a total cross tied PV array with the electrical connections left unchanged. However, this arrangement increases the length of the wire required to interconnect the panels thus increasing the line losses. In this paper, an improved Su-Do-Ku arrangement that reduces the length of the wire required for the connection is proposed. The system is designed and simulated in a Matlab/Simulink environment for various shading patterns and the efficacies of various arrangements are compared. The results prove that the power output is higher in the proposed improved Su-Do-Ku reconfiguration technique compared to the earlier proposed Su-Do-Ku technique.

关键词： array configuration mismatch losses partial shading line losses Su-Do-Ku arrangement

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Enhancement of distillate output of double basin solar still with vacuum tubes

Hitesh N PANCHAL, P K SHAH

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 101-109 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0299-5

摘要： The latent heat of condensation is lost to the atmosphere; hence it is not utilized to increase distillate output of single basin solar stills. This difficulty was overcome by attaching an additional basin to the main basin. The performance of the double basin solar still was also increased by attaching vacuum tubes to the lower basin; hence the lower basin possessed a higher temperature throughout the day. The latent heat of condensation of the bottom basin was also utilized to increase distillate. But the distillate output of the top basin was even lower compared with that of the bottom basin. This paper proposed a novel approach to increase the distillate output of the double basin solar still attached with vacuum tubes by introducing different sensible energy storage materials like pebbles, black granite gravel and calcium stones to increase the basin area. Experiments were conducted in climate conditions of Mehsana (23.6000° N, 72.4000° E) Gujarat from April to September 2013 with a constant water depth of 2 cm in the top basin with and without the use of basin materials. The results showed that the distillate output of basin material with calcium stones is greater (74%) compared with that of black granite gravel and pebbles. The integration of vacuum tubes with solar still greatly increases the distillate output of the solar still by providing hot water at the lower basin.

关键词： double basin solar still calcium stones pebbles granite gravel distillate output

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Modeling and analysis of controllable output property of cantilever-beam inertial sensors based on magnetic

Guixiong LIU, Peiqiang ZHANG, Chen XU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第2期页码 129-133 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0035-8

摘要： Magnetic fluid is first introduced into the traditional cantilever-beam senor. Based on the property of the cantilever-beam and the novel controllable mag-viscosity of magnetic fluid, the output of cantilever-beam sensors is under control so that the controllable output of the sensors can be realized. The mathematical model of the sensors is established and analyzed. The dynamic control function and the following educational results, which include the two curves of the displacement ratio and phase function with the different damping ratio and frequency ratio, are obtained based on the model. The result shows that it is valid to realize the controllable output of the sensors by controlling the viscosity of the magnetic fluid, and finally the expanded measurement range can be realized.

关键词： sensors magnetic fluid property of mag-viscosity controllable output

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Cutting CO emissions through demand side regulation: Implications from multi-regional input–output linear

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 452-461 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0209-1

摘要： This study combines multi-regional input–output (MRIO) model with linear programming (LP) model to explore economic structure adjustment strategies for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. A particular feature of this study is the identification of the optimal regulation sequence of final products in various regions to reduce CO₂ emissions with the minimum loss in gross domestic product (GDP). By using China’s MRIO tables 2017 with 28 regions and 42 economic sectors, results show that reduction in final demand leads to simultaneous reductions in GDP and CO₂ emissions. Nevertheless, certain demand side regulation strategy can be adopted to lower CO₂ emissions at the smallest loss of economic growth. Several key final products, such as metallurgy, nonmetal, metal, and chemical products, should first be regulated to reduce CO₂ emissions at the minimum loss in GDP. Most of these key products concentrate in the coastal developed regions in China. The proposed MRIO–LP model considers the inter-relationship among various sectors and regions, and can aid policy makers in designing effective policy for industrial structure adjustment at the regional level to achieve the national environmental and economic targets.

关键词： CO₂ emissions demand side regulation multi-regional input–output model linear programming model

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Estimation of regional physical imports and exports of EW-MFA in China using monetary input-output tables

Nan LI, Tianzhu ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 242-254 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0443-6

摘要： Given the statistical gaps in material flow among provinces in China, a method was introduced to estimate regional physical imports and exports (RPIE), which includes international and interregional imports/exports. This method uses provincial monetary input-output tables (MIOT) and international trade statistics. A coefficient matrix representing correlations between monetary value and physical mass for years 2000–2009 was obtained based on a detailed commodity classification and 22 material production sectors in MIOT. With the coefficient matrix as reference, RPIE was measured. Pilot calculation of both regional physical trade balance and domestic material consumption, as well as a brief analysis of these methods, were conducted using 2002 data.

关键词： economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) monetary input-output table (MIOT) regional physical imports and exports estimation

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大规模天线多入多出认知无线网络中的多用户传输速率和能量分析 None

Shang LIU, Ishtiaq AHMAD, Ping ZHANG, Zhi ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第19卷第5期页码 674-684 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700081

摘要：讨论了在包含中继和大规模多入多出天线下的认知无线网络传输性能和能量分配问题。首先得到了在不考虑认知情况下的中继辅助大规模天线网络的下行传输性能，运用功率分配准则，第k个用户的渐近信干噪比与快衰落无关，当基站天线数和中继天线数的比值趋于无穷大时，整个传输过程的传输性能只与从中继到用户侧的传输有关，而与另外一侧的传输无关。接着给出了在完美和非完美信道情况下的认知大规模多入多出天线中继网络性能的闭式表达式。当主用户基站、次级用户基站、中继基站的天线数目趋于无穷大时，传输性能与快衰落无关，主、次网络之间的干扰能被完全消除，次级网络传输性能与干扰温度无关，次级网络可用峰值功率进行传输而不对主用户网络产生干扰。定义了主用户网络的效用函数，通过凸优化分析得到最佳中继发射功率。系统仿真验证了该结论。通过仿真，得到了系统传输速率与天线数目、中继功率、天线数目比值的关系。在多用户认知无线网络中，运用大规模多入多出天线的线性预编码方式能够极大减少干扰，提高传输效率，主用户网络和次级用户网络可以独立传输。

关键词：大规模多入多出；认知无线电；中继网络；传输速率；功率分析

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Tracking control of robot manipulators via output feedback linearization

FEI Yue-nong, Wu Qing-hua

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第3期页码 329-335 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0034-y

摘要： This paper presents a robot manipulator tracking controller based on output feedback linearization. A sliding mode perturbation observer (SPO) is designed to estimate unmeasurable states and system perturbations that involve system nonlinearities, disturbances and unmodelled dynamics. The use of SPO allows to input/output linearize and decouple the strongly coupled nonlinear robot manipulator system merely by the feedback of joint angles. The controller design does not need an accurate model of the robot manipulator. Simulation studies are undertaken based on a two-link robot manipulator to evaluate the proposed approach. The simulation results show that the proposed controller has more superior tracking control performance, with payload changing in a wide range, in comparison with a sliding mode controller (SMC) designed based on state feedback linearization with full states available.

关键词： available comparison unmeasurable nonlinear perturbation observer

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钢产量增长机制的解析及2000—2007年我国钢产量增长过快原因的探索

陆钟武,岳强

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第6期页码 4-11

摘要：

分两步解析钢产量的增长机制，首先在若干假设条件下提出了钢产量增长的基准模式，其主要特点是钢产量与GDP同步增长，分析了基准模式下的钢产量、在役钢量、GDP以及它们的年增长率；然后讨论偏离基准模式的各种可能性，及其对钢产量增速的影响。在此基础上得到了钢产量年增长率的基本计算式。分析了偏离基准模式对单位GDP钢产量的影响。在对钢产量增长机制进行解析的基础上，广泛联系全社会发生的各种现象，提出使我国钢产量增速远远超过GDP增速的16种现象，提出在宏观调控工作中，要区别对待这些现象。从中、日、美三国单位GDP钢产量数据对比可见，我国降低单位GDP钢产量的空间很大。文章为我国钢铁行业的宏观调控提供了新思路。

关键词：钢产量在役钢量 GDP 年增长率机制基准模式

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面向大规模MIMO系统的高效功率放大器及其线性化技术综述 Review Articles

Xin LIU, Guan-sheng LV, De-han WANG, Wen-hua CHEN, Fadhel M. GHANNOUCHI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第1期页码 72-96 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900467

摘要：为适应数据传输速率的爆炸性增长以及大规模多输入多输出（mMIMO）技术的应用，业界开发了高效率功率放大器（PA）和相关线性化技术。本文根据5G系统的两个核心频段——sub-6 GHz和毫米波（mmWave）——的特点，对高效率集成化的Doherty功放单片微波集成电路（MMIC）和线性化技术进行了综述，比较和分析了不同半导体工艺和架构下的高效功放设计思路。由于5G协议尚未最终确定，大规模MIMO系统中的功放规范仍在考虑中，有必要研究新的设计方法以进一步提高其效率和线性性能。此外，数字预失真线性化技术需要发展，以适应大规模MIMO系统，并且需要一些创新的线性增强技术来同时提高补偿精度和降低功耗。

关键词：高效节能；线性化；大规模多输入多输出（mMIMO）；单片微波集成电路（MMIC）；功率放大器

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论单位生产总值钢产量及钢产量、钢铁行业的能耗、物耗和排放

陆钟武,岳强,高成康

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第4期页码 23-29

摘要：

单位生产总值钢产量指标对于调控钢产量，开展钢铁行业的节能、降耗和减排工作具有重要意义。首先给出了单位生产总值钢产量定义式，引入了“在役钢量”概念及其计算式；然后对单位GDP钢产量的定义式进行了两次变换，导出具有分析功能的新定义式；并以新定义式和钢产量计算式、钢铁行业能耗、物耗和排放计算式为依据，对钢产量及钢铁行业的能耗、物耗和排放进行了分析；最后，进行了与钢铁行业相关各参数的分类，并提出全面推进钢铁行业节能、降耗、减排工作的总体看法。

关键词：单位生产总值钢产量钢产量在役钢单位在役钢GDP 能耗